用C#获取文件类型信息

2022-07-15 80酷酷网 80kuku.com

[手动查看]
资源管理器 -> 工具 -> 文件夹选项 -> 文件类型

[C/C++]
#include <windows.h>
#include <shellapi.h> //SHFILEINFO结构和SHGetFileInfo函数所在
//#include <stdio.h>

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    SHFILEINFO shfi;
    memset(&shfi,0,sizeof(shfi));
    SHGetFileInfo("C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe", //文件路径
        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,                //文件属性
        &shfi,                                //信息结构
        sizeof(shfi),
        SHGFI_TYPENAME);                      //获取标识

    char *msg = shfi.szTypeName;

    //在dos窗口输出
    //printf("%s\n",msg);
    //getchar();

    LPCTSTR lpcstr = (LPCTSTR)msg; //char*转换LPCTSTR
    MessageBox(NULL, lpcstr, "文件类型", MB_OK);
    return 0;
}

[C#] - mode 1
using Microsoft.Win32;

//通过查询注册表来获取文件类型名称，但此方法具有致命缺陷！
string ext = ".mp3";
string desc = (string)Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(ext).GetValue(null);
string typeinfo = (string)Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(desc).GetValue(null);

[C#] - mode 2
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

//在shell32.dll导入函数SHGetFileInfo
[DllImport("shell32.dll", EntryPoint="SHGetFileInfo")]
public static extern int GetFileInfo(string pszPath, int dwFileAttributes,
    ref FileInfomation psfi, int cbFileInfo,int uFlags);

//定义SHFILEINFO结构(名字随便起，这里用FileInfomation)
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct FileInfomation
{
    public IntPtr hIcon;
    public int iIcon;
    public int dwAttributes;

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst=260)]
public string szDisplayName;

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst=80)]
public string szTypeName;
}

//定义文件属性标识
public enum FileAttributeFlags : int
{
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY            =0x00000001,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN              =0x00000002,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM              =0x00000004,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY           =0x00000010,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE             =0x00000020,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE              =0x00000040,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL              =0x00000080,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY           =0x00000100,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE         =0x00000200,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT       =0x00000400,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED          =0x00000800,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE             =0x00001000,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED =0x00002000,
    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED           =0x00004000
}

//定义获取资源标识
public enum GetFileInfoFlags : int
{
    SHGFI_ICON              =0x000000100,     // get icon
    SHGFI_DISPLAYNAME       =0x000000200,     // get display name
    SHGFI_TYPENAME          =0x000000400,     // get type name
    SHGFI_ATTRIBUTES        =0x000000800,     // get attributes
    SHGFI_ICONLOCATION      =0x000001000,     // get icon location
    SHGFI_EXETYPE           =0x000002000,     // return exe type
    SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX      =0x000004000,     // get system icon index
    SHGFI_LINKOVERLAY       =0x000008000,     // put a link overlay on icon
    SHGFI_SELECTED          =0x000010000,     // show icon in selected state
    SHGFI_ATTR_SPECIFIED    =0x000020000,     // get only specified attributes
    SHGFI_LARGEICON         =0x000000000,     // get large icon
    SHGFI_SMALLICON         =0x000000001,     // get small icon
    SHGFI_OPENICON          =0x000000002,     // get open icon
    SHGFI_SHELLICONSIZE     =0x000000004,     // get shell size icon
    SHGFI_PIDL              =0x000000008,     // pszPath is a pidl
    SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES =0x000000010,     // use passed dwFileAttribute
    SHGFI_ADDOVERLAYS       =0x000000020,     // apply the appropriate overlays
    SHGFI_OVERLAYINDEX      =0x000000040      // Get the index of the overlay
}

private string GetTypeName(string fileName)
{
    FileInfomation fileInfo = new FileInfomation();  //初始化FileInfomation结构

    //调用GetFileInfo函数，最后一个参数说明获取的是文件类型(SHGFI_TYPENAME)
    int res = GetFileInfo(fileName, (int)FileAttributeFlags.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
        ref fileInfo, Marshal.SizeOf(fileInfo), (int)GetFileInfoFlags.SHGFI_TYPENAME);

return fileInfo.szTypeName;
}

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
    string fileName = "C:\Windows\notepad.exe";  //定义文件路径
    string fileTypeName = GetTypeName(fileName);

    MessageBox.Show(fileTypeName);
}

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